---
title: "Designing Data-Intensive Applications 2nd Edition"
linkTitle: DDIA
cascade:
  type: docs
breadcrumbs: false
---
 

—— **The Big Ideas Behind Reliable, Scalable, and Maintainable Systems**

[Martin Kleppmann](https://martin.kleppmann.com)

> The en-us version only includes **intro**, **summary**, **references** of all chapters to protect the intellectual property of author and publisher.

![](/title.jpg)

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*Technology is a powerful force in our society. Data, software, and communication can*

*be used for bad: to entrench unfair power structures, to undermine human rights, and to protect vested interests. But they can also be used for good: to make underrepresented people’s voices heard, to create opportunities for everyone, and to avert disasters. This book is dedicated to everyone working toward the good.*

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*Computing is pop culture. [...] Pop culture holds a disdain for history. Pop culture is all about identity and feeling like you’re participating. It has nothing to do with cooperation, the past or the future—it’s living in the present. I think the same is true of most people who write code for money. They have no idea where [their culture came from].*

 — [Alan Kay](http://www.drdobbs.com/architecture-and-design/interview-with-alan-kay/240003442), in interview with *Dr Dobb’s Journal* (2012)

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## Table of Contents

### [Preface](/en/preface)

### [Part I: Foundations of Data Systems](/en/part-i)
  - [1. Tradeoffs in Data Systems Architecture](/en/ch1)
  - [2. Defining NonFunctional Requirements](/en/ch2)
  - [3. Data Models and Query Languages](/en/ch3)
  - [4. Storage and Retrieval](/en/ch4)
  - [5. Encoding and Evolution](/en/ch5)

### [Part II: Distributed Data](/en/part-ii)
  - [6. Replication](/en/ch6)
  - [7. Partitioning](/en/ch7)
  - [8. Transactions](/en/ch8)
  - [9. The Trouble with Distributed Systems](/en/ch9)
  - [10. Consistency and Consensus](/en/ch10)

### [Part III: Derived Data](/en/part-iii)
  - [11. Batch Processing](/en/ch11) (WIP)
  - [12. Stream Processing](/en/ch12) (WIP)
  - [13. Doing the Right Thing](/en/ch13) (WIP)

### [Glossary](/en/glossary)

### [Colophon](/en/colophon)