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219 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
219 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Table of Content"
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linkTitle: "Table of Content"
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weight: 10
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breadcrumbs: false
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---
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## [Preface](/en/preface)
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## [1. Trade-offs in Data Systems Architecture](/en/ch1)
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- [Analytical versus Operational Systems](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_analytics)
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- [Characterizing Transaction Processing and Analytics](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_oltp)
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- [Data Warehousing](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_dwh)
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- [Systems of Record and Derived Data](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_derived)
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- [Cloud versus Self-Hosting](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_cloud)
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- [Pros and Cons of Cloud Services](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_cloud_tradeoffs)
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- [Cloud-Native System Architecture](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_cloud_native)
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- [Operations in the Cloud Era](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_operations)
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- [Distributed versus Single-Node Systems](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_distributed)
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- [Problems with Distributed Systems](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_dist_sys_problems)
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- [Microservices and Serverless](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_microservices)
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- [Cloud Computing versus Supercomputing](/en/ch1#id17)
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- [Data Systems, Law, and Society](/en/ch1#sec_introduction_compliance)
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- [Summary](/en/ch1#summary)
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## [2. Defining Nonfunctional Requirements](/en/ch2)
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- [Case Study: Social Network Home Timelines](/en/ch2#sec_introduction_twitter)
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- [Representing Users, Posts, and Follows](/en/ch2#id20)
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- [Materializing and Updating Timelines](/en/ch2#sec_introduction_materializing)
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- [Describing Performance](/en/ch2#sec_introduction_percentiles)
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- [Latency and Response Time](/en/ch2#id23)
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- [Average, Median, and Percentiles](/en/ch2#id24)
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- [Use of Response Time Metrics](/en/ch2#sec_introduction_slo_sla)
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- [Reliability and Fault Tolerance](/en/ch2#sec_introduction_reliability)
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- [Fault Tolerance](/en/ch2#id27)
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- [Hardware and Software Faults](/en/ch2#sec_introduction_hardware_faults)
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- [Humans and Reliability](/en/ch2#id31)
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- [Scalability](/en/ch2#sec_introduction_scalability)
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- [Describing Load](/en/ch2#id33)
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- [Shared-Memory, Shared-Disk, and Shared-Nothing Architecture](/en/ch2#sec_introduction_shared_nothing)
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- [Principles for Scalability](/en/ch2#id35)
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- [Maintainability](/en/ch2#sec_introduction_maintainability)
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- [Operability: Making Life Easy for Operations](/en/ch2#id37)
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- [Simplicity: Managing Complexity](/en/ch2#id38)
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- [Evolvability: Making Change Easy](/en/ch2#sec_introduction_evolvability)
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- [Summary](/en/ch2#summary)
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## [3. Data Models and Query Languages](/en/ch3)
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- [Relational Model versus Document Model](/en/ch3#sec_datamodels_history)
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- [The Object-Relational Mismatch](/en/ch3#sec_datamodels_document)
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- [Normalization, Denormalization, and Joins](/en/ch3#sec_datamodels_normalization)
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- [Many-to-One and Many-to-Many Relationships](/en/ch3#sec_datamodels_many_to_many)
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- [Stars and Snowflakes: Schemas for Analytics](/en/ch3#sec_datamodels_analytics)
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- [When to Use Which Model](/en/ch3#sec_datamodels_document_summary)
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- [Graph-Like Data Models](/en/ch3#sec_datamodels_graph)
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- [Property Graphs](/en/ch3#id56)
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- [The Cypher Query Language](/en/ch3#id57)
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- [Graph Queries in SQL](/en/ch3#id58)
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- [Triple-Stores and SPARQL](/en/ch3#id59)
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- [Datalog: Recursive Relational Queries](/en/ch3#id62)
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- [GraphQL](/en/ch3#id63)
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- [Event Sourcing and CQRS](/en/ch3#sec_datamodels_events)
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- [Dataframes, Matrices, and Arrays](/en/ch3#sec_datamodels_dataframes)
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- [Summary](/en/ch3#summary)
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## [4. Storage and Retrieval](/en/ch4)
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- [Storage and Indexing for OLTP](/en/ch4#sec_storage_oltp)
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- [Log-Structured Storage](/en/ch4#sec_storage_log_structured)
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- [B-Trees](/en/ch4#sec_storage_b_trees)
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- [Comparing B-Trees and LSM-Trees](/en/ch4#sec_storage_btree_lsm_comparison)
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- [Multi-Column and Secondary Indexes](/en/ch4#sec_storage_index_multicolumn)
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- [Keeping everything in memory](/en/ch4#sec_storage_inmemory)
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- [Data Storage for Analytics](/en/ch4#sec_storage_analytics)
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- [Cloud Data Warehouses](/en/ch4#sec_cloud_data_warehouses)
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- [Column-Oriented Storage](/en/ch4#sec_storage_column)
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- [Query Execution: Compilation and Vectorization](/en/ch4#sec_storage_vectorized)
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- [Materialized Views and Data Cubes](/en/ch4#sec_storage_materialized_views)
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- [Multidimensional and Full-Text Indexes](/en/ch4#sec_storage_multidimensional)
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- [Full-Text Search](/en/ch4#sec_storage_full_text)
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- [Vector Embeddings](/en/ch4#id92)
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- [Summary](/en/ch4#summary)
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## [5. Encoding and Evolution](/en/ch5)
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- [Formats for Encoding Data](/en/ch5#sec_encoding_formats)
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- [Language-Specific Formats](/en/ch5#id96)
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- [JSON, XML, and Binary Variants](/en/ch5#sec_encoding_json)
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- [Protocol Buffers](/en/ch5#sec_encoding_protobuf)
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- [Avro](/en/ch5#sec_encoding_avro)
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- [The Merits of Schemas](/en/ch5#sec_encoding_schemas)
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- [Modes of Dataflow](/en/ch5#sec_encoding_dataflow)
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- [Dataflow Through Databases](/en/ch5#sec_encoding_dataflow_db)
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- [Dataflow Through Services: REST and RPC](/en/ch5#sec_encoding_dataflow_rpc)
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- [Durable Execution and Workflows](/en/ch5#sec_encoding_dataflow_workflows)
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- [Event-Driven Architectures](/en/ch5#sec_encoding_dataflow_msg)
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- [Summary](/en/ch5#summary)
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## [6. Replication](/en/ch6)
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- [Single-Leader Replication](/en/ch6#sec_replication_leader)
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- [Synchronous Versus Asynchronous Replication](/en/ch6#sec_replication_sync_async)
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- [Setting Up New Followers](/en/ch6#sec_replication_new_replica)
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- [Handling Node Outages](/en/ch6#sec_replication_failover)
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- [Implementation of Replication Logs](/en/ch6#sec_replication_implementation)
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- [Problems with Replication Lag](/en/ch6#sec_replication_lag)
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- [Reading Your Own Writes](/en/ch6#sec_replication_ryw)
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- [Monotonic Reads](/en/ch6#sec_replication_monotonic_reads)
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- [Consistent Prefix Reads](/en/ch6#sec_replication_consistent_prefix)
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- [Solutions for Replication Lag](/en/ch6#id131)
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- [Multi-Leader Replication](/en/ch6#sec_replication_multi_leader)
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- [Geographically Distributed Operation](/en/ch6#sec_replication_multi_dc)
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- [Sync Engines and Local-First Software](/en/ch6#sec_replication_offline_clients)
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- [Dealing with Conflicting Writes](/en/ch6#sec_replication_write_conflicts)
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- [CRDTs and Operational Transformation](/en/ch6#sec_replication_crdts)
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- [Leaderless Replication](/en/ch6#sec_replication_leaderless)
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- [Writing to the Database When a Node Is Down](/en/ch6#id287)
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- [Limitations of Quorum Consistency](/en/ch6#sec_replication_quorum_limitations)
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- [Single-Leader vs. Leaderless Replication Performance](/en/ch6#sec_replication_leaderless_perf)
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- [Detecting Concurrent Writes](/en/ch6#sec_replication_concurrent)
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- [Summary](/en/ch6#summary)
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## [7. Sharding](/en/ch7)
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- [Pros and Cons of Sharding](/en/ch7#sec_sharding_reasons)
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- [Sharding for Multitenancy](/en/ch7#sec_sharding_multitenancy)
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- [Sharding of Key-Value Data](/en/ch7#sec_sharding_key_value)
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- [Sharding by Key Range](/en/ch7#sec_sharding_key_range)
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- [Sharding by Hash of Key](/en/ch7#sec_sharding_hash)
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- [Skewed Workloads and Relieving Hot Spots](/en/ch7#sec_sharding_skew)
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- [Operations: Automatic or Manual Rebalancing](/en/ch7#sec_sharding_operations)
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- [Request Routing](/en/ch7#sec_sharding_routing)
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- [Sharding and Secondary Indexes](/en/ch7#sec_sharding_secondary_indexes)
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- [Local Secondary Indexes](/en/ch7#id166)
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- [Global Secondary Indexes](/en/ch7#id167)
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- [Summary](/en/ch7#summary)
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## [8. Transactions](/en/ch8)
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- [What Exactly Is a Transaction?](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_overview)
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- [The Meaning of ACID](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_acid)
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- [Single-Object and Multi-Object Operations](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_multi_object)
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- [Weak Isolation Levels](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_isolation_levels)
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- [Read Committed](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_read_committed)
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- [Snapshot Isolation and Repeatable Read](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_snapshot_isolation)
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- [Preventing Lost Updates](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_lost_update)
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- [Write Skew and Phantoms](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_write_skew)
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- [Serializability](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_serializability)
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- [Actual Serial Execution](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_serial)
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- [Two-Phase Locking (2PL)](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_2pl)
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- [Serializable Snapshot Isolation (SSI)](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_ssi)
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- [Distributed Transactions](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_distributed)
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- [Two-Phase Commit (2PC)](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_2pc)
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- [Distributed Transactions Across Different Systems](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_xa)
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- [Database-internal Distributed Transactions](/en/ch8#sec_transactions_internal)
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- [Summary](/en/ch8#summary)
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## [9. The Trouble with Distributed Systems](/en/ch9)
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- [Faults and Partial Failures](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_partial_failure)
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- [Unreliable Networks](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_networks)
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- [The Limitations of TCP](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_tcp)
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- [Network Faults in Practice](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_network_faults)
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- [Detecting Faults](/en/ch9#id307)
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- [Timeouts and Unbounded Delays](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_queueing)
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- [Synchronous Versus Asynchronous Networks](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_sync_networks)
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- [Unreliable Clocks](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_clocks)
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- [Monotonic Versus Time-of-Day Clocks](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_monotonic_timeofday)
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- [Clock Synchronization and Accuracy](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_clock_accuracy)
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- [Relying on Synchronized Clocks](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_clocks_relying)
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- [Process Pauses](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_clocks_pauses)
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- [Knowledge, Truth, and Lies](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_truth)
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- [The Majority Rules](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_majority)
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- [Distributed Locks and Leases](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_lock_fencing)
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- [Byzantine Faults](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_byzantine)
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- [System Model and Reality](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_system_model)
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- [Formal Methods and Randomized Testing](/en/ch9#sec_distributed_formal)
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- [Summary](/en/ch9#summary)
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## [10. Consistency and Consensus](/en/ch10)
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- [Linearizability](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_linearizability)
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- [What Makes a System Linearizable?](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_lin_definition)
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- [Relying on Linearizability](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_linearizability_usage)
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- [Implementing Linearizable Systems](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_implementing_linearizable)
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- [The Cost of Linearizability](/en/ch10#sec_linearizability_cost)
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- [ID Generators and Logical Clocks](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_logical)
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- [Logical Clocks](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_timestamps)
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- [Linearizable ID Generators](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_linearizable_id)
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- [Consensus](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_consensus)
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- [The Many Faces of Consensus](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_faces)
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- [Consensus in Practice](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_total_order)
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- [Coordination Services](/en/ch10#sec_consistency_coordination)
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- [Summary](/en/ch10#summary)
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## [11. Batch Processing](/en/ch11) (WIP)
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## [12. Stream Processing](/en/ch12) (WIP)
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## [13. Doing the Right Thing](/en/ch13) (WIP)
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## [Glossary](/en/glossary)
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## [Colophon](/en/colophon)
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